Yellow-Billed Cuckoo

Coccyzus americanus
Range Map

The Yellow-Billed Cuckoo breeds mostly in the North American Great Plains and eastward. Their preferred habitat is dense deciduous woods. Scientists believe that the entire population winters in South America. Observers report their population has been reduced by 50% since 1966. The eastern members of this species haven’t declined as dramatically as those in the west. In the western USA, the USF&W Service has declared them as threatened. They have disappeared entirely from BC (Canada), Washington and Oregon.

Science writers often fall in love with big words. They refer to North American Cuckoos as facultative, interspecific brood parasites. I looked up the meaning, and found it means they “may occasionally be parasitic under certain conditions …”. So they usually raise their own broods, but will sometimes lay their eggs in another species’ nest. When raising their own young, observers have reported cases where three or four adults have attended a single nest. All members assisted with the care and raising of the young. It requires only 17 days from when the eggs are laid until the young are fledged. They hatch with feathers shielded, and within two hours, they are fully feathered.

Modern science does not recognize any subspecies of Yellow-Billed Cuckoo (i.e. they are monotypic).

In 2003, I first met Yellow-Billed Cuckoos in southern Arizona. But it was not until my trips to south Texas in 2020 and 2021 that I would meet them again while visiting the Lower Rio Grande Valley during spring migration. Some of the Texas birds I met were certainly migrating north, while others were establishing local breeding territories.

19 Photos

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